The risk prediction value of paraquat poisoning dose, urine protein and myocardial enzymes / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the value of paraquat (PQ) intake, urine protein and myocardial enzyme indexes in judging the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning. Methods: From September to December 2021, all 201 patients with acute PQ poisoning admitted to Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. Based on follow-up results 60 days after poisoning, the research objects were divided into survival group (n=78) and death group (n=123) . The differences in information about poisoning, treatment plan, PQ intake, urine protein, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase between the two groups of patients were compared and analyzed. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze the correlation between poisoning outcome and PQ intake, urine protein and myocardial enzymes. ROC curve and principal component analysis were used to explore high-efficiency indicators for predicting the outcome of acute PQ poisoning. Results: The PQ intake[50 (20, 100) ml], urine protein (total rank 15570.50) , creatine kinase[ (336.36±261.96) U/L], creatine kinase isoenzyme[ (43.91±43.74) U/L], lactate dehydrogenase [ (346.01±196.50) U/L], α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase content[ (271.23±11.92) U/L] of patients in the death group were all higher than the survival group[15 (10, 20) ml, 4730.50, (187.78±178.06) U/L, (18.88±15.50) U/L, (190.92±60.50) U/L, (152.60±48.34) U/L, respectively] (P<0.05) . The outcome of acute PQ poisoning was positively correlated with PQ intake, urine protein, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase was positively correlated with the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning (P<0.05) . ROC curve analysis and principal component analysis showed that the combined indexes of PQ intake, urine protein and myocardial enzymes had the highest efficacy and weight in judging the prognosis of patients (AUC=0.91, weight coefficient=0.19, sensitivity=0.76, specificity=0.89) . When the combined score was ≥4, the probability of accurately predicting the death of patients was as high as 91% (positive predictive value=0.91) . Conclusion: PQ intake, urine protein combined with creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase has high value in predicting the prognosis of patients with acute PQ poisoning.

Sentinel surveillance on occupational hazards in manufacturing enterprises of Guangzhou City,2012-2014 / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the sentinel surveillance status of occupational hazards in Guangzhou manufacturing enterprises. METHODS: The stratified random sampling method was used to extract manufacturing enterprises with serious occupational hazard as sentinel enterprises in Guangzhou,2012-2014. The dynamic changes of samples were analyzed based on the sampling monitoring of occupational hazards. RESULTS: From 2012 to 2014,a total of 8 639 occupational hazard sample sites from 577 sentinel enterprises included in 11 kinds of industries were tested and the total over-standard rate was 7. 41%( 640 /8 639). The over-standard rate in these 3 years showed an increasing tendency each year( P <0. 01). The over-standard rates in different kinds of occupational hazard factors from high to low were physical factors,dust factor,inorganic chemistry factors and organic chemistry factors( P < 0. 01). The over-standard rates of occupational hazard factors in different industries from high to low were ship building,construction material,glass gem,wooden furniture,machinery manufacturing,other industries,storage battery,printing and packaging,the chemical,leather bags and shoes and electronic equipment manufacturing industry( P < 0. 01). The over-standard rates of occupational hazard factors in different scales from high to low were medium-sized,large-sized,small-sized and micro-sized enterprises( P <0. 01). CONCLUSION: Guangzhou City should carry on sentinel surveillance work on occupational hazards on factors of physical,dust and inorganic chemistry in key industries such as ship building,construction materials,glass gem,wood furniture and machinery manufacturing,especially in the large and medium-sized enterprises.

A cross-sectional study on the industrial noise over-limit status in Guangzhou factories / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the industrial noise over-limit status of the worksites in Guangzhou factories, so as to promote the prevention and control of occupational noise hazards.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>211 factories in Guangzhou were monitored and investigated. The analysis and assessment were developed for the properties and size of the factories, the districts of the factories being located, the industries of the factories being classified and the date of monitoring.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In this understudied factories, most of them were national-owned and joint-ventures, medium size, located in urban, and mainly involved in the industries of manufacturing of motor vehicle, shipping, electron and electric equipment, and the industries of petroleum and chemicals. The prevalence of noise over-limit was higher in joint-ventures (36.0%) and private-run enterprises (31.2%). The over-limit status mainly presented in industries of textile, food and beverage processing, and leather producing, with getting prevalence of over-limit 46.7%, 43.1% and 41.3% respectively. Subsequence were industries of manufacturing of electron and electric equipment, motor vehicle and shipping, and industries of printing and goods producing for culture and sports, with the prevalence for all > 35%. Factories monitored during spring and summer also had higher prevalence of noise over-limit. The similar results were got after adjustment for each other using multivariable regression. The most common over-limit sites mainly focused on the operation of cutting and sawing, milling and planing, pressing, riveting, drilling, jointing, assembling and quality inspecting in industries of mechanism processing and manufacturing, on quality inspecting and packing in industries of pharmacy and food and beverage manufacture, on spinning and scutching in textile industry, and on cleaning and maintaining as assistant jobs, and patrolling and inspecting air-press machine, ventilation machine, dynamotor and pump.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Noise in Guangzhou factories widely exists with different industries and districts. To strengthen noise occupational hazards prevention and control for the high risk districts, industries and worksites should be the key job in the future.</p>

Measurement and analysis of personal noise exposure in a city metro / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To measure and analyze the personal noise exposure of city metro station workers by using noise dosimeter.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to job category and work type, all workers were divided into 4 groups. The workers from each group were selected as subjects for personal noise exposure measurement. CEL-320 dosimeters were worn by each subject and noise data collected by a phone fixed at collar. All subjects were asked to take notes about their working activities when they were wearing CEL-320 dosimeters. Each worker's one workday LAeq, geometric mean and range of each group were computed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were many noise sources in the metro station, and the noise exposure was unstable. The varieties of personal noise levels were recorded among 48 workers, the highest LAeq work type was of the instrument room, (81.8 +/- 2.5) dB (A), and the biggest LAeq rang was of the hall, 8.1 dB (A). The lowest LAeq was of the station control room (68.7 +/- 1.8) dB (A) and the lowest LAeq rang also was there, 4.0 dB (A).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The personal noise exposure of metro station should be implicated. Measuring personal noise exposure individually with dosimeters might obtain the noise exposure level more integrally in the complicated environment.</p>